Sustainability has long been an issue of concern to society, countries, and the economy. In this context, circular supply chain management is a good strategy for reducing material consumption, reducing waste and carbon footprints, and creating recycling opportunities throughout the supply chain. To ensure the successful integration of the circular supply chain practices by the Malaysian Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) businesses, it is imperative to investigate the key structures to the barriers and the main enablers that can drive its successful adoption. Thus, this study used the scoping review procedure based on the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR) involving 188 shortlisted articles. Five interconnected influential structures which are the government agencies, industry stakeholders, MSMEs management, customers and consumers, and financing institutions were identified as key roles in ensuring the successful implementation of circular supply chain practices. Subsequently, 33 barriers and 27 key enablers were identified as the catalysts for the successful adoption of circular supply chain practices by MSMEs. The circular supply chain framework is envisaged to motivate policymakers in Malaysia, as well as other interested countries, to implement the proposed framework through a greater number of supportive legislative measures as well as practical promotion and education policies to further enhance its acceptance.